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Functions

Functions Practice 1

Today, We will start practicing questions on function. We may have covered the concepts behind the questions in previous articles but our main aim in these questions will be to practice writing functions. As we know just doing the theory in a practical course is not a good idea. It's recommended to practice questions on these basic concepts when we are starting our programming journey to understand the concepts properly and build intuition for advanced concepts. Trust me this will help you in the long run.

Suggestion : First try to do the questions on your own. Give yourself some time and resist the temptation to look at the solution quickly. After giving your best shot, you can definitely go through the solution.✌️

Now, Let's start !!

Note: If you read the previous articles, I expect that while practicing questions you will follow good coding practices such as meaningful variable and function names.

Problem 1

Write a C++ program to input any two numbers(integers) from the user and find the sum of the given numbers using a function.

Input

Enter number 1 : 10
Enter number 2 : 5

Output

Sum of numbers is 15

Approach

Simple question, right !! Please try on your own.

Intuition

The Sum of two numbers num1 and num2 is sum = num1+num2. This is easy, but we need to write a separate function for this simple statement.

  1. First, assign a meaningful name to the function, say FindSum( ).
  2. The function should accept a numbers whose sum is to be calculated. Hence, the function definition is FindSum(int num1, int num2).
  3. Finally, the function should return the sum of the numbers passed. Hence, the return type of the function should be an integer. Why the return type will be integer? Because the sum of two integers gives an integer only.

After observing the above points function looks like int FindSum(int num1, int num2)

Now, Are we ready to write our code? 🙌

Try it out yourself here!

Solution 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/**
 * Function to find the sum of two numbers
 */
int FindSum(int num1, int num2){
    
    return num1 + num2;
}

int main(){
    
    int num1;
    int num2;
    int sum;
    /* Input numbers to find sum from user */
    cout << "Enter number 1: ";
    cin >> num1;
    cout << "Enter number 2: ";
    cin >> num2;
    sum = FindSum(num1,num2);
    cout << "Sum of numbers is " << sum;
    
    return 0;
}

Problem 2

Write a C++ program to input any number from the user and find the cube of the given number using a function.

Input

Enter the number : 5

Output

Cube of number is 125

Approach

Simple question, right !! Please try it on your own.

Intuition

The Cube of a number num is cube = num * num * num. This is easy, but we need to write a separate function for this simple statement.

  1. First, assign a meaningful name to the function, say FindCube( ).
  2. The function should accept a number whose cube is to be calculated. Hence, the function definition is FindCube(double num).
  3. Finally, the function should return the cube of num passed. Hence, the return type of the function should be double.

After observing the above points function looks like double FindCube(double num)

Note: Instead of taking double as a parameter and return type. You can also use int, float or any other integer/fractional types.

Try it out yourself here!

Solution 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/**
 * Function to find cube of any number
 */
double FindCube(double num){
    
    return (num * num * num);
}

int main(){
    
    double num;
    double c;
    
    /* Input number to find cube from user */
    cout << "Enter the number: ";
    cin >> num;
    c = FindCube(num);
    cout << "Cube of number is " << c;
    
    return 0;
}

Problem 3

Write a C++ program to input a number from the user and check whether a given number is even or odd using functions.

Input

Enter number : 10

Output

10 is even

Approach

Simple question, right !! Please try it on your own.

Intuition

Let us define a function to check whether the number is even or odd.

  1. First, give a meaningful name to function, say IsEven().
  2. Next, the function must accept one integer which is to be checked for even conditions, say IsEven(int num).
  3. Finally, the function must return true if the given integer is even otherwise false .

So the function declaration to check an even number is  bool IsEven(int num);

Are you thinking that why we have written only function i.e. IsEven as we have to check for odd numbers also?We can write two functions also separately for checking even and odd numbers.

Now, Are we ready to write our code? 🙌

Try it out yourself here!

Solution 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/**
 * Function to check whether the number is even or odd
 */
bool IsEven(int num){
    
    if(num % 2 == 0){     
        return true;      
    }
    
    return false;
}

int main(){
    
    int num;
    bool check;
    /* Input number from user */
    cout << "Enter number : ";
    cin >> num; 
    
    check = IsEven(num);
    
    if(check == true){     
        cout << num << " is even";   
    }
    
    else {  
       cout << num << " is odd";   
    }
    
    return 0;
}

Problem 4

Write a C++ program to input the radius of the circle from the user and find the diameter, circumference and area of the given circle using functions. Use Pi=3.14 in calculations.

Input

Enter radius : 10

Output

Diameter = 20 
Circumference = 62.8
Area = 314

Approach

Simple question, right !! Please try it on your own. In this program, we will define more than one user-defined function in a single program.

Intuition

  1. First, assign a meaningful name to all the functions. Say the function to calculate diameter, circumference and area are – GetDiameter(), GetCircumference() and GetArea() respectively.
  2. All the above functions use one input i.e. the radius of the circle to calculate the output. Hence, all the three functions must accept a parameter of double or int type.
  3. Finally, all three functions return either double or int as output. Hence, the return type of the function must be either double or int.

Note: For our code, we will use double type, you can use other data types also.

After considering the above points function declaration looks like this –

double GetDiameter ( double radius );
double GetCircumference ( double radius );
double GetArea ( double radius );

Now, Are we ready to write our code? 🙌

Try it out yourself here!

Solution 
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/**
 * Calculate diameter of circle whose radius is given
 */
double GetDiameter(double radius) 
{
    return (2 * radius);
}

/**
 * Calculate circumference of circle whose radius is given
 */
double GetCircumference(double radius) 
{
    return (2 * 3.14 * radius);  
}


/**
 * Find area of circle whose radius is given
 */
double GetArea(double radius)
{
    return (3.14 * radius * radius);
}

int main() {
    double radius, dia, circ, area;
    
    /* Input radius of circle from user */
    cout << "Enter radius of circle: ";
    cin >> radius;
    
    dia  = GetDiameter(radius);       // Call GetDiameter function
    circ = GetCircumference(radius);  // Call GetCircumference function
    area = GetArea(radius);           // Call GetArea function
    
    cout << "Diameter of the circle is " << dia << endl;
    cout << "Circumference of the circle is " << circ << endl;
    cout << "Area of the circle is " << area << endl;
    
    return 0;
}

Here, we come to the end of this article. I hope now we are comfortable with writing functions.

"Remember Practice leads to Perfection".

Happy Learning !! 😀See you in the next article with more interesting questions.